Maxim Gorky (1868–1936), writer and political activist, was fiercely supportive of human rights and critical of czarist Russia. Orphaned early, he attempted suicide at age nineteen and then traveled on foot across the Russian Empire for five years, gathering material to be used in his writing. He left behind a body of work that helped to found Socialist realism, including the plays The Old Man and Counterfeit Money. In addition to his fiction, Gorky wrote an autobiographical trilogy: My Childhood, In the World, and My Universities.